Դալմայի այգիների քաղաքաշինական ներուժը. Բնության, պատմության ու ժամանակակից մշակույթի համադրում

Abstract

Urban green spaces are a critical component for creating a healthy and sustainable urban environment, contributing to microclimate regulation, biodiversity conservation, and the improvement of residents’ quality of life. According to Yerevan’s development plans, green areas cover approximately 30% of the city’s total land area. However, analysis of official data indicates that the actual amount of public green space per capita is significantly lower than reported. Based on our calculations, public green space per capita amounted to 5,02 m² in 2019 and declined to 4,4 m² in 2023. In this context, the preservation of remaining green fragments is of particular importance, with the Dalma Gardens representing a key component. This study examines the historical development, spatial transformations, and the ecological, cultural, and archaeological significance of the Dalma Gardens. From the original area of approximately 790 ha, only around 230 ha have survived to the present day, holding substantial potential for stabilizing Yerevan’s microclimate, supporting biodiversity, and restoring urban ecosystems. The study proposes granting the Dalma Gardens the status of a state-protected historical and cultural reserve-museum, while implementing nature-based restoration approaches. These include the reintroduction of native plant species, the development of rainwater management systems, and the promotion of ecotourism. The proposed innovative measures may contribute to the sustainable development of Yerevan, the preservation of green spaces, and the mitigation of urban environmental challenges.